NOTE 10 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had 300,000,000 and 116,666,667 shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance, respectively, of which 61,940,878 and 44,108,661 shares of our Common Stock were issued and outstanding, respectively.

Preferred Stock

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001, authorized, of which 5,000,000 shares are designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred”) and 5,000,000 shares are non-designated (“blank check,” together with the Series A Preferred, the “Preferred Shares”) shares. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no preferred stock outstanding.

Form S-3

On January 29, 2021, the Company filed a shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 for up to $150,000,000 with the SEC (the “Prior Form S-3”) for shares of its Common Stock; shares of its preferred stock, which the Company may issue in one or more series or classes; debt securities, which the company may issue in one or more series; warrants to purchase its Common Stock, preferred stock or debt securities; and units. The Prior Form S-3 was declared effective by the SEC on February 5, 2021. In accordance with SEC rules, the Prior Form S-3 expired on February 5, 2024, the three-year anniversary of the date on which it was declared effective.

On February 2, 2024, the Company initially filed with the SEC a new shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 for up to $175,000,000, which represents $150,000,000 under the Prior Form S-3 and an additional $25,000,000 (the “New Form S-3”), for shares of its Common Stock; shares of its preferred stock, which the Company may issue in one or more series or classes; debt securities, which the company may issue in one or more series; warrants to purchase its Common Stock, preferred stock or debt securities; and units. The New Form S-3 was declared effective by the SEC on February 15, 2024.

ATM Offering

On March 22, 2022, the Company, entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with Oppenheimer (the “Sales Agent”). Pursuant to the terms of the ATM Agreement, the Company may offer and sell (the “ATM Offering”) from time to time through the Sales Agent, as the Company’s sales agent, up to $50 million of shares of Common Stock, (the “ATM Shares”). Sales of the ATM Shares, if any, may be made in sales deemed to be “at the market offerings” as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act. The Sales Agent is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of ATM Shares but will act as a sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules, and regulations and the rules of Nasdaq, on mutually agreed terms between the Sales Agent and the Company. The Sales Agent will receive from the Company a commission of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of ATM Shares by the Sales Agent pursuant to the terms of the ATM Agreement. Net proceeds from the sale of the ATM Shares will be used for general corporate purposes.

On October 26, 2022, Ondas entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Equity Distribution Agreement with the Sales Agent (“Amendment No. 1”). Amendment No. 1 provides for the reduction of the aggregate offering price from up to $50 million to up to $40 million of shares of its Common Stock. 

The offering of ATM Shares pursuant to the ATM Agreement will terminate upon the earliest of (i) the sale of all ATM Shares subject to the ATM Agreement, and (ii) the termination of the ATM Agreement pursuant to its terms.

The ATM Shares are issued pursuant to the Prior Form S-3 and the prospectus supplement thereto dated March 22, 2022.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company sold 864,674 ATM Shares through the Sales Agent at an average of $7.13 with the net proceeds of $6.1 million. In connection with the sale of these ATM Shares, the compensation paid by the Company to the Sales Agent was $227,118. There were no shares sold during the year ended December 31, 2023.

On July 11, 2023, the Company and the Sales Agent, mutually agreed to terminate the ATM Agreement. As a result, the Company suspended and terminated the prospectus related to the Company’s Common Stock issuable pursuant to the terms of the ATM Agreement, as amended (the “ATM Prospectus”). The termination of the ATM Agreement, as amended and ATM Prospectus is effective as of July 11, 2023, at which time the Company expensed the remaining deferred offering costs outstanding of $145,293 related to the ATM Agreement, as amended.

Stock Issued for Convertible Debt

The Company issued 14,028,022 shares of its Common Stock during the year ended December 31, 2023 to the lenders in lieu of cash payments for $268,987 of outstanding interest and $9,580,300 of outstanding principal on the 2022 Convertible Exchange Notes (See Note 9 – Long-term Notes Payable for further details).

The Company issued 415,161 shares of its Common Stock during the year ended December 31, 2022 to the lenders in lieu of cash payments for $93,147 of outstanding interest and $1,106,853 of outstanding principal on the 2022 Convertible Promissory Notes (See Note 9 – Long-term Notes Payable for further details).

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option model (the “Black-Scholes Model”) to determine the fair value of warrants to purchase Common Stock of the Company. The Black-Scholes Model is an acceptable model in accordance with U.S GAAP. The Black-Scholes Model requires the use of a number of assumptions including volatility of the stock price, the weighted average risk-free interest rate, and the weighted average term of the warrant.

The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates on zero coupon U.S. Treasury bonds whose maturity period is appropriate for the term of the warrants. Estimated volatility is a measure of the amount by which our stock price is expected to fluctuate each year during the expected life of the award. Our estimated volatility is an average of the historical volatility of peer entities whose stock prices were publicly available over a period equal to the expected life of the awards. We used the historical volatility of peer entities due to the lack of sufficient historical data of our stock price.

On January 23, 2023, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 586,440 shares of Common Stock with exercise prices ranging from $9.26 to $12.35 per share, resulting in a weighted average exercise price of $9.95 per share, as consideration in the acquisition of Airobotics.

On July 21, 2023 and August 11, 2023, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 7,825,792 and 2,374,208 shares of Common Stock in Ondas Holdings, respectively, with an exercise price of $0.89 per share, in connection with the sale of redeemable preferred stock in Ondas Networks. See Note 11 – Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes Model are set forth in the table below.

A summary of our Warrants activity and related information follows:

Equity Incentive Plan

In 2018, our stockholders adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) pursuant to which 3,333,334 shares of our Common Stock has been reserved for issuance to employees, including officers, directors and consultants. The 2018 Plan shall be administered by the Board, provided however, that the Board may delegate such administration to the compensation committee of the Board of the Company (the “Compensation Committee”). Subject to the provisions of the 2018 Plan, the Board and/or the Compensation Committee shall have authority to grant, in its discretion, incentive stock options, or non-statutory options, stock awards or restricted stock purchase offers (“Equity Awards”). As of December 31, 2023, the balance available to be issued under the 2018 Plan was 1,052,373.

At the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company held on November 5, 2021, stockholders of the Company approved, among other matters, the Ondas Holdings Inc. 2021 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2021 Plan on September 30, 2021, subject to stockholder approval. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to enable the Company to attract, retain, reward, and motivate eligible individuals by providing them with an opportunity to acquire or increase a proprietary interest in the Company and to incentivize them to expend maximum efforts for the growth and success of the Company, so as to strengthen the mutuality of the interests between the eligible individuals and the shareholders of the Company. The 2021 Plan provides for the issuance of awards including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and performance awards. On October 31, 2023, stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2021 Plan to increase the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2021 Plan from 6,000,000 to 8,000,000 shares. As of December 31, 2023, the balance available to be issued under the 2021 Plan was 3,780,741.

Stock Options to Purchase Common Stock

The Company awards stock options to certain employees, directors, and consultants, which represent the right to purchase common shares on the date of exercise at a stated exercise price. Stock options granted to employees generally vest over a two to four-year period and are contingent on ongoing employment. Compensation expenses related to these awards is recognized straight-line over the applicable vesting period. Stock options granted to consultants are subject to the attainment of pre-established performance conditions. The actual number of shares subject to the award is determined at the end of the performance period and may range from zero to 100% of the target shares granted depending upon the terms of the award. Compensation expenses related to these awards is recognized when the performance conditions are satisfied.

On January 23, 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Airobotics, the Company granted stock options to purchase 1,064,946 shares of Common Stock, of which 773,244 options were vested and the remaining 291,702 vest monthly through November 13, 2025. As of the January 23, 2023, the vested options had a weighted average contractual remaining life of approximately 4.39 years, an exercise price ranging from $0.49 to $224.92 per share, resulting in a weighted average exercise price of $3.94 per share, and a grant date fair value ranging from $0 to $1.48 per share. As of the January 23, 2023, the unvested options have a weighted average contractual remaining life of approximately 2.06 years, an exercise price ranging from $0.49 to $24.70 per share, resulting in a weighted average exercise price of $4.33 per share, and a grant date fair value ranging from $0 to $1.47 per share.

On February 9, 2023, the Compensation Committee granted an aggregate of 317,625 stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to certain employees. The stock options vest over a four-year period and are contingent on ongoing employment. They are included in compensation expenses.

On March 16, 2023, the Compensation Committee granted an aggregate of 1,793,000 stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to certain employees. The stock options vest over a four-year period and are contingent on ongoing employment. They are included in compensation expenses.

On March 16, 2023, the Compensation Committee also granted an aggregate of 31,250 stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to certain non-employees. 6,250 stock options vested on the grant date, and 25,000 vest on December 31, 2023. They are included in compensation expenses.

On November 29, 2023, the Compensation Committee granted an aggregate of 244,500 stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock to certain employees. The stock options vest over a four-year period and are contingent on ongoing employment. They are included in compensation expenses.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes Model are set forth in the table below.

A summary of our Option activity and related information follows:

As of December 31, 2023, total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested Options was $1,833,389 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.76 years.

Total stock-based compensation expense for stock options for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:

Restricted Stock Units  

The Company awards Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) to certain employees and directors, which represent a right to receive common stock for each RSU that vests. Compensation expenses related to these awards is recognized straight-line over the applicable vesting period.

On May 9, 2022, the Compensation Committee approved the grant of 13,900 RSUs to three employees. The RSUs vest in two successive equal annual installments with the first vesting date commencing on the first anniversary of the award date and are contingent on continuing employment.

On December 19, 2022, the Compensation Committee approved the grant of 162,160 RSUs to directors. The RSUs vest in four successive equal quarterly installments with the first vesting date commencing on the first day of the next calendar quarter.

On February 9, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved the grant of 3,000 RSUs to an employee. The RSUs vest in two successive equal annual installments with the first vesting date commencing on the first anniversary of the award date and are contingent on continuing employment.

On February 9, 2023, the Compensation Committee also approved the grant of 69,000 RSUs to three employees. The RSUs vest as follows: 20% on September 13, 2023, 40% on January 10, 2024, and 40% on February 21, 2024 and are contingent on continuing employment.

On July 6, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved the grant of 180,000 RSUs to three employees, which vested in July 2023.

On October 31, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved the grant of 473,682 RSUs to directors. The RSUs vest in four successive equal quarterly installments with the first vesting date commencing on the first day of the next calendar quarter.

A summary of our RSUs activity and related information follows:

In 2023, three employees with RSUs separated from the Company. As part of their separation agreements, the employees were granted accelerated vesting on some of their restricted stock unit awards, which was accounted for as a modification of their awards. The result of the modification was a reversal of approximately $1,184,000 of previously recognized stock-based compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2023. Total stock-based compensation expense for RSUs for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: